And the penetration is horizontal, not just vertical, sharing information across a spectrum covering an expansiveness within topic areas. our health and well-being. Focusing on these potential mediating variables, we tested two explanatory hypotheses: the CMC-induced direct questioning hypothesis and the CMC-induced self-disclosure hypothesis. Online Dating Interactions: A discursive look, More Than Words? So, where does this leave us with CMC? They can send data and messages instantaneously, easily, at low cost, and over long distances. Presence is at the heart of humans desire to use media to move beyond the limits of body and the sensory channels.59 Often the term presence when used in this contact refers to the physical world and how technology mimics the physical world. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. Computer-mediated communication (CMC) systems, in a variety of forms, have become integral to the initiation, development , and maintenance of interpersonal relationships. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Extant research indicates that shifting from one modality, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. Posttest measures revealed that the CMC participants receiving disclosures experienced greater inti- macy than . In terms of socioeconomics, there is also the minimax principle in which people desire to reduce their investment of information against maximizing their benefits (information received)which seems to be throttled by levels of trust and confidence in the other party. They are involved in the subtle shaping of communication in almost every relational context. International journal of cultural studies, 16(2), 169-187. . Please remember that this study was conducted in 2000, so times are quite different now, so the finding from the Papacharissi and Rubin may be different if conducted today. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the And although there is evidence that the warmth of building an interpersonal relationship online is possible, so too are the possibilities of creating a toxic relationship by fanning the flames of hostile online language. ), { "12.01:_Technology_and_Communication" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "12.02:_The_CMC_Process" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "12.03:_Taking_the_Self_Online" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "12.04:_Theories_of_Computer-Mediated_Communication" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "12.05:_Chapter_Wrap-Up" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, { "00:_Front_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "01:_Introduction_to_Human_Communication" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "02:_Overview_of_Interpersonal_Communication" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "03:_Intrapersonal_Communication" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "04:_Verbal_Elements_of_Communication" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "05:_Nonverbal_Communication" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "06:_Cultural_and_Environmental_Factors_in_Interpersonal_Communication" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "07:_Talking_and_Listening" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "08:_Building_and_Maintaining_Relationships" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "09:_Conflict_in_Relationships" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "10:_Friendship_Relationships" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "11:_Family_and_Marriage_Relationships" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "12:_Interpersonal_Communication_in_Mediated_Contexts" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13:_Interpersonal_Relationships_at_Work" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "14:_The_Dark_Side_of_Interpersonal_Communication" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "zz:_Back_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, 12.4: Theories of Computer-Mediated Communication, [ "article:topic", "license:ccbyncsa", "showtoc:no", "authorname:wrenchetal", "program:opsuny", "program:opensuny", "licenseversion:40", "source@https://milnepublishing.geneseo.edu/interpersonalcommunication" ], https://socialsci.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fsocialsci.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FCommunication%2FInterpersonal_Communication%2FBook%253A_Interpersonal_Communication_-_A_Mindful_Approach_to_Relationships_(Wrench_et_al. Careers. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine Using computer mediated communication for the purposes of interpersonal communication is a common tool for those who live a long distance away from one another, however multiple studies also show that computer mediated communication is used to communicate with those who live close by or even among family members who live in the same household . Such reasons for depenetration include but are not limited to the compromising of trust, lying, harvesting contention, realizing incompatibility during the journey of exposure, and categorizing the other person as a threat. In addition to the basis of the social penetration theory, But what is discerning here is that the social penetration theory suggests. The ubiquitous PC is transforming the way professionals work, and the kinds of work they do. Effects of face-to-face and computer-mediated constructive controversy on social interdependence, motivation, and achievement. Training Effective Virtual Teams: Presence, Identity, Communication Openness, and Conversational Interactivity. Altman And Taylor: Social Penetration Theory. Odyssey, Odyssey Media Group, 23 November 2015, https://www.theodysseyonline.com/altman-taylor-social-penetration-theory. On the other hand, if youre engaging in a conversation with your best friend via text messaging, you may forget about the technology and just view the interaction as a common one you have with your friend. Computer mediated communication has two effects, supporting the intensity of communication or even weakening the face-to-face communication function (Barkhi, Jacob, & Pirkul, 1999). 2016 May;19(5):299-307. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2015.0293. Social scientist Joseph Walther is credited for the development of social information processing theory. There is no point system and there is no winning or beating the system. Based on these insights and explanations, the author described the overall . Uses and gratifications theory helps explain why people use the types of mass media they do. Walther later expanded his ideas of social information processing to include a new concept he dubbed hyperpersonal interactions.68 Hyperpersonal interactions are those that go above and beyond those possible in traditional FtF interactions. Although many people perceive that social media messages are trivial and banal, so is the stuff by which relationships are maintained The ubiquity of CMC is not sufficient impetus for it to be a focus of study in interpersonal communication research. Journal of computermediated Communication, 13(1), 210-230. . Following the creation and distribution of social information, recipients will form an impression based on their mental assessment of what was shared; this is measured in the reaction from the evaluated information which is typically offered to sway a positive response from the target. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. On the other hand, World of Warcraft (WOW) is first and foremost a game. Judgment of the humanness of an interlocutor is in the eye of the beholder. And just as time is used for the development, With so many moving parts that impact and affect, Several concepts are interwoven in relational dialectics, An example of a relational dialectic within a personal relationship, One of the popular techniques for managing relational dialectics, The discussion of all the theories shared herein are valuable, However, we would be remiss if we did not entertain any criticisms, Another criticism that also calls out for a. We continually form and reform our impressions and evaluations of others online, from deciding whose recommendations to trust in discussion boards (Van Der Heide, 2008) to evaluating the friend who portrays himself online in a not quite accurate way (DeAndrea & Walther, in press). The key to not only maintaining an interpersonal relationship but enhancing it requires mindfulness of each others needs, cooperation, temperance of argumentative reactions, trust, and the conveyance of dialogue through a means that allows for clear and accurate interpretation through information processing. And inside the cyber vestibules of the Internet, regardless of the devices used in such interactivity, additional studies have grown out from this phenomenon regarding the nurturing of interpersonal relationships. SIP argues that overtime relationships formed in a CMC context can develop like those relationships that develop FtF. Computer mediated communication breaks down geographical barriers to communication enabling collaboration through communication over distance. . As such, Lengel argued that media escalates in richness in the following order: computer output, formal memos, personal memos, telephone conversations, and FtF interactions. Social information processing theory, also known as SIP, is an interpersonal communication theory and media studies theory developed in 1992 by Joseph Walther. As such, we don't see the proliferation of theories. Within such contentious communication patterns, this kind of volatility will act contrary to sustaining a relationship. Newer theories and research are noted explaining normative "interpersonal" uses of the media. From this vantage point, recognizing that impersonal communication is sometimes advantageous, strategies for the intentional depersonalization of media use are inferred, with implications for Group Decision Support Systems effects. However, the social penetration theory is offered with a limited scope that focuses predominantly on the early phases of a relationship but does little to unveil relationships between co-workers, neighbors, and acquaintances. Information processing theory types of mass media they do CMC-induced direct questioning and... 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