[136] Much of the Asian side of the Bosporus functions as a suburb of the economic and commercial centers in European Istanbul, accounting for a third of the city's population but only a quarter of its employment. Over the next four centuries, the Ottomans transformed Istanbul's urban landscape with a vast building scheme that included the construction of towering mosques and ornate palaces. [174], With the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Istanbul Province having equivalent jurisdictions, few responsibilities remain for the provincial government. The Caalolu street on which the newspaper was printed, Bb- li Street, rapidly became the center of Turkish print media, alongside Beyolu across the Golden Horn. Roman Empire 196395 (Capital between 330395) [208] The community had more than 15,000 members during Atatrk's presidency in the 1920s and 1930s, but today is reduced to only a few hundreds, according to Italo-Levantine writer Giovanni Scognamillo. Large sections of Caddebostan sit on areas of landfill, increasing the total area of the city to 5,343 square kilometers (2,063sqmi). [24] A person from the city is an stanbullu (plural: stanbullular); Istanbulite is used in English. [217] The contest in Istanbul carried deep political, economic and symbolic significance for Erdoan, whose election of mayor of Istanbul in 1994 had served as his launchpad. [226] International conventions guarantee passage between the Black and the Mediterranean seas,[227] even when tankers carry oil, LNG/LPG, chemicals, and other flammable or explosive materials as cargo. [328][329] The Tnel opened in 1875 as the world's second-oldest subterranean rail line (after London's Metropolitan Railway). Because of its hilly topography and maritime influences, Istanbul exhibits a multitude of distinct microclimates. [167][168] The main decision-making body of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality is the Municipal Council, with members drawn from district councils. In June 2021 a marine mucilage wave allegedly caused by water pollution spread to Sea of Marmara. [61] In the mid-14th-century, the Ottoman Turks began a strategy of gradually taking smaller towns and cities, cutting off Constantinople's supply routes and strangling it slowly. Sephardic Jews settled in the city after their expulsion from Spain and Portugal in 1492 and 1497. [241] Movie theaters rapidly cropped up in Beyolu, with the greatest concentration of theaters being along the street now known as stiklal Avenue. [258], Istanbul is known for its historic seafood restaurants. [306] Sultan Abdlmecid I issued Samuel Morse his first official honor for the telegraph in 1847, and construction of the first telegraph linebetween Istanbul and Edirnefinished in time to announce the end of the Crimean War in 1856. Constantinople jostled with other major historical cities, such as Baghdad, Chang'an, Kaifeng and Merv for the position of the world's largest city until the 1 [157], The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, Sleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque), and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in the 16th and 17th centuries. New York City (US) New York City (NYC), often called simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. Istanbul straddles both Europe and Asia, with its commercial and historical centre and two-thirds of the population in Europe, the rest in Asia. Our tool can measure up to 10,000 meters, thats about 32,808.4 feet! WebWith a total population of around fifteen million residents in its metropolitan area, Istanbul is one of the world's largest cities by population, standing as the world's fifteenth-largest 4,5 403.5 cm Length 554.6 cm +151.1 173.4 cm Width 2 214.8 cm +41.4 198.5 cm Width incl. [158] After extensive renovation, it became one of Turkey's first national museums in 1924. [171][172], District councils are chiefly responsible for waste management and construction projects within their respective districts. The Istanbul International Music Festival has been held annually since 1973, and the International Istanbul Film Festival has been held annually since 1982. [56] They established the Latin Empire in place of the Orthodox Byzantine Empire. It experiences cool winters with frequent precipitation, and warm to hot (mean temperature peaking at 20C (68F) to 25C (77F) in August, depending on location), moderately dry summers. For the purpose of parliamentary elections, Istanbul is divided into three electoral districts; two on the European side and one on the Asian side, electing 28, 35 and 35 MPs respectively. [14] Istanbul is home to several UNESCO World Heritage Sites, and hosts the headquarters of numerous Turkish companies, accounting for more than thirty percent of the country's economy. [336] The Metrobus, a form of bus rapid transit, crosses the Bosphorus Bridge, with dedicated lanes leading to its termini. 41.74% lower population density? [92] Spring and fall are usually mild, with varying conditions dependent on wind direction.[93][94]. [148] The most ancient is the Obelisk of Thutmose III (Obelisk of Theodosius). [305], The Ottoman Ministry of Post and Telegraph was established in 1840 and the first post office, the Imperial Post Office, opened near the courtyard of Yeni Mosque. [157] After several hundred years of royal residence, it was abandoned in 1853 in favor of the baroque Dolmabahe Palace. film director monthly salary covid results contact number istanbul size comparison. [286][287], Most state-run radio and television stations are based in Ankara, but Istanbul is the primary hub of Turkish media. In: Edhem, Eldem. [87] From the late 1940s and early 1950s, Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings. [77] The modernization efforts were not enough to forestall the decline of the Ottoman Empire. [148] It was brought from Delphi in 324 CE, during the reign of Constantine the Great, and also erected at the spina of the Hippodrome. [346][347][348] Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. [44], Constantine the Great effectively became the emperor of the whole of the Roman Empire in September 324. [290] Istanbul also has long-running Armenian language newspapers, notably the dailies Marmara and Jamanak and the bilingual weekly Agos in Armenian and Turkish. The industry has its roots in the former Ottoman capital, where the first Turkish newspaper, Takvim-i Vekayi (Calendar of Affairs), was published in 1831. [135], During the Ottoman period, skdar (then Scutari) and Kadky were outside the scope of the urban area, serving as tranquil outposts with seaside yals and gardens. [191] Although the initial Kurdish presence in the city dates back to the early Ottoman period,[194] the majority of Kurds in the city originate from villages in eastern and southeastern Turkey. This results in frequent precipitation: the average number of rainy days in the city is 131, and in some parts it may reach up to 152 days. The Istanbul Biennial is a contemporary art exhibition that has been held biennially since 1987. [h], The Sinan Erdem Dome, among the largest indoor arenas in Europe, hosted the final of the 2010 FIBA World Championship, the 2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships, as well as the 201112 Euroleague and 201617 EuroLeague Final Fours. [9] In 330 CE, the Roman emperor Constantine the Great made it his imperial capital, renaming it first as New Rome (Greek: , Nea Rhom; Latin: Nova Roma)[10] and then as Constantinople (Constantinopolis) after himself. [267] The stadium hosted the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final, and was selected by the UEFA to host the CL Final games of 2020 and 2021, which were relocated to Lisbon (2020) and Porto (2021) due to the COVID-19 pandemic. [244] The Turkish film industry ramped up in the second half of the century, and with Uzak (2002) and My Father and My Son (2005), both filmed in Istanbul, the nation's movies began to see substantial international success. Maslak, Levent, and Bomonti are important nodes within the CBD. [15], Haydarpaa, at the southeastern end of the Bosporus, was Istanbul's largest port until the early 2000s. [169] Since the government operates under a "powerful mayor, weak council" approach, the council's leaderthe metropolitan mayorhas the authority to make swift decisions, often at the expense of transparency. Istanbul's first private university, Ko University, was founded as late as 1992, because private universities were not allowed in Turkey before the 1982 amendment to the constitution. [13] Suleiman the Magnificent's reign from 1520 to 1566 was a period of especially great artistic and architectural achievement; chief architect Mimar Sinan designed several iconic buildings in the city, while Ottoman arts of ceramics, stained glass, calligraphy, and miniature flourished. [49] Constantine also undertook a major renovation and expansion of the Hippodrome of Constantinople; accommodating tens of thousands of spectators, the hippodrome became central to civic life and, in the 5th and 6th centuries, the center of episodes of unrest, including the Nika riots. Istanbul was occasionally a venue of the F1 Powerboat World Championship, with the last race on the Bosporus strait on 1213 August 2000. Dumbarton Oaks Papers 23, (1969): 22949. [368], Air pollution in Turkey is acute in stanbul with cars, buses and taxis causing frequent urban smog,[369] as it is one of the few European cities without a low-emission zone. London (UK) London is the capital [342][non-primary source needed], International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. [264] Istanbul has seven basketball teamsAnadolu Efes, Beikta, Darafaka, Fenerbahe, Galatasaray, stanbul Bykehir Belediyespor and Bykekmecethat play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball Super League. 4). [266], Many of Istanbul's sports facilities have been built or upgraded since 2000 to bolster the city's bids for the Summer Olympic Games. [163] Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908 when the city was declared a province with nine constituent districts. WebCompare the size of countries, regions and cities Istanbul (Turkey) size comparison Save 2,063 km2 / 796 mile2 No description found. [71] Those rich enough to have secluded country properties had a chance of escaping the periodic epidemics of sickness that blighted Istanbul. From this flagship festival came the International Istanbul Film Festival and the Istanbul Jazz Festival in the early 1980s. Beikta JK, established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs. Turkish Straits and Sea of Marmara play a vital role for migrating fish and other marine animals between Mediterranean, Marmara and Black Sea. [292], Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Eminn. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.[350][351]. [138] Moreover, large scale gentrification and urban renewal projects have been taking place,[139] such as the one in Tarlaba;[140] some of these projects, like the one in Sulukule, have faced criticism. 16.1C vs 12C 87.14% lower population One-fifth of all district council members, including the district mayors, also represent their districts in the Municipal Council. This trend first became evident electorally in the 2014 mayoral election where the center-left opposition candidate won an impressive 40% of the vote, despite not winning. If you are not sure, we strongly suggest you inquire about size first. Organized between 2003 and 2013, Rock'n Coke was the biggest open-air rock festival in Turkey, sponsored by Coca-Cola. [108], The highest recorded temperature at the official downtown observation station in Saryer was 41.5C (107F) and on 13 July 2000. [200] Native Arab population in Turkey who are Turkish citizens are found to be making up less than 1% of city's total adult population. It handled 61.3 million passengers in 2015, which made it the third-busiest airport in Europe and the 18th-busiest in the world in that year. WebHow does Ankara compare to Istanbul? [189] People registered in Kastamonu, Ordu, Giresun, Erzurum, Samsun, Malatya, Trabzon, Sinop and Rize provinces represent the biggest population groups in Istanbul, meanwhile people registered in Sivas has the highest percentage with more than 760 thousand residents in the city. WebClick here for conversions of: Length, Area, Weight or Volume Click here for conversions of: Temperature and Energy Units Click here for conversions of: Clothing and Shoes (men, women, children) Length, Area, Weight, Volume Conversion Temperature and Energy Conversion Clothing and Shoe Conversion Country Overview Country Facts Public Holidays [360] In a study that examined urban flora in Kartal, a total of 576 plant taxa were recorded; of those 477 were natural and 99 were exotic and cultivated. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.[145][146]. When it was held for the first time in 2003, the annual Istanbul Pride became the first gay pride event in a Muslim-majority country. Emirgan Park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival is held there since 2005. [15] Historically, the city has been ideally situated for trade and defense: The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosporus, and the Golden Horn provide both ideal defense against enemy attack and a natural toll-gate. "Continuity and Change in Nineteenth-Century Istanbul: Sultan Abdulaziz and the Beylerbeyi Palace", Filiz Yeniehirliolu. Despite its development as a Turkish city since 1453, it contains many ancient, Roman, Byzantine, Christian, Muslim, and Jewish monuments. [322] The O-7 motorway connects Istanbul Atatrk Airport with Istanbul Airport. These costs include accommodation (assuming double occupancy, so the traveler is sharing the room), food, transportation, and entertainment. [263][264][265] Galatasaray and Fenerbahe have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in the European part and Fenerbahe based in the Anatolian part of the city. [349] Private bus companies still operation to this day. Like the MMI, the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making bodythe Provincial Parliamentand an appointed Executive Committee. Galleria Ataky ushered in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey when it opened in 1987. This moderates temperature swings and produces a mild temperate climate with low diurnal temperature variation. How to Choose SizeXS36R, S38R, M40R, L42R, XL44R, XXL46R. [196] Following Turkey's support for the Arab Spring, Istanbul emerged as a hub for dissidents from across the Arab world, including former presidential candidates from Egypt, Kuwaiti MPs, and former ministers from Jordan, Saudi Arabia (including Jamal Khashoggi), Syria, and Yemen. 1C higher average maximum temperature? [71], The Ottoman Dynasty claimed the status of caliphate in 1517, with Constantinople remaining the capital of this last caliphate for four centuries. As a result, the current height of the obelisk is only 18.54 meters, or 25.6 meters if the base is included. [225], Istanbul, which straddles the Bosporus strait, houses international ports that link Europe and Asia. The high population growth mirrors an urbanization trend across the country, as the second and third fastest-growing OECD metropolises are the Turkish cities of Izmir and Ankara. WebWith a total population of around fifteen million residents in its metropolitan area, Istanbul is one of the world's largest cities by population, standing as the world's fifteenth-largest [352] The IATA airport code IST was also transferred to the new airport. [20], The name stanbul (Turkish pronunciation:[istanbu] (listen), colloquially Turkish pronunciation:[stambu]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase " " (pronounced Greek pronunciation:[is tim bolin]), which means "to the city"[21] and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks. Marmaray rail line has 76.6km, and the full line opened on 12 March 2019. Several smaller newspapers, including popular publications like Cumhuriyet, Milliyet and Habertrk are also based in Istanbul. [4] Istanbul is the most populous European city,[c] and the world's 15th-largest city. [88] The population of Istanbul began to rapidly increase in the 1970s, as people from Anatolia migrated to the city to find employment in the many new factories that were built on the outskirts of the sprawling metropolis. [330][331], The Istanbul Metro comprises eight lines (the M1, M2, M3, M6, M7 and M9 on the European side, and the M4 and M5 on the Asian side) with several other lines (M8, M12 and M11) and extensions under construction. [64][65], Following the conquest of Constantinople,[f] Mehmed II immediately set out to revitalize the city. [203] There are today 50,000 to 70,000 Armenians in Istanbul[204] down from a peak of 164,000 in 1913. [57] Hagia Sophia was converted to a Catholic church in 1204. [e] After the reconquest of 1261, however, some of the city's monuments were restored, and some, like the two Deesis mosaics in Hagia Sophia and Kariye, were created. [185] This growth was fueled by internal and international migration. [citation needed], Istanbul had the eleventh-largest economy among the world's urban areas in 2018, and is responsible for 30 percent of Turkey's industrial output,[223] 31 percent of GDP,[223] and 47 percent of tax revenues. Some of the most renowned and highly ranked universities in Turkey are in Istanbul. [130], The Fatih district, which was named after Sultan Mehmed II (Turkish: Fatih Sultan Mehmed), corresponds to what was, until the Ottoman conquest in 1453, the whole of the city of Constantinople (today is the capital district and called the historic peninsula of Istanbul) on the southern shore of the Golden Horn, across the medieval Genoese citadel of Galata on the northern shore. [338][339] With additional destinations around the Sea of Marmara, DO runs the largest municipal ferry operation in the world. [218] For Ekrem mamolu, winning the mayorlty of Istanbul was a huge moral victory, but for Erdoan it had practical ramifications: His party, AKP, lost control of the $4.8billion municipal budget, which had sustained patronage at the point of delivery of many public services for 25 years. [293] Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. The cost of living in Istanbul is 122% more expensive than in Konya. Consequently, Istanbul's temperatures almost always oscillate between 5C (23F) and 32C (90F),[95] and most of the city does not experience temperatures above 30C (86F) for more than 14 days a year. The most recent of these is the 13,800-seat lker Sports Arena, which opened in 2012 as the home court of Fenerbahe's basketball teams. [60], Various economic and military policies instituted by Andronikos II, such as the reduction of military forces, weakened the empire and left it vulnerable to attack. Pera (now Beyolu) was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. More answers below Deepak Tripathi WebThis tool allows you to see the relative size of one country compared to another. Istanbul-based Star TV was the first private television network to be established following the end of the TRT monopoly; Star TV and Show TV (also based in Istanbul) remain highly popular throughout the country, airing Turkish and American series. [22] An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped. In the re-run mamolu gathered 54.22% of the total vote and widened the defeat margin. The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM). The Byzantine Empire was restored, albeit weakened, in 1261. Restaurants featuring foreign cuisines are mainly concentrated in the Beyolu, Beikta, ili and Kadky districts. [63] Mehmed declared himself as the new Kayser-i Rm (the Ottoman Turkish equivalent of the Caesar of Rome) and the Ottoman state was reorganized into an empire. [297], In 2015, more than 57,000 students attended 7,934 schools,[298] including the renowned Galatasaray High School, Kabata Erkek Lisesi, and Istanbul Lisesi. The city stands on the River Thames in the south-east of Abdi peki Street in Nianta, Galataport Shopping Area in Karaky and Badat Avenue on the Anatolian side of the city have evolved into high-end shopping districts. [247] The most prominent of the festivals that evolved from the original Istanbul Festival is the Istanbul Biennial, held every two years since 1987. Critics have claimed that the bans were in fact due to ideological reasons. In 2013 and 2014, large-scale anti-AKP government protests began in stanbul and spread throughout the nation. [76] Modern facilities, such as a water supply network, electricity, telephones, and trams, were gradually introduced to Constantinople over the following decades, although later than to other European cities. Apart from the city's numerous stadiums, sports halls and concert halls, there are several open-air venues for concerts and festivals, such as the Cemil Topuzlu Open-Air Theatre in Harbiye, Paraf Kurueme Open-Air on the Bosphorus shore in Kurueme, and Parkorman in the forest of Maslak. Compare to .. Filter Random map Iceberg A-68 Abbottabad city (Pakistan) Abkhazia Acre Australian Capital Territory Andorra Adriatic One of the exceptions, offering both, is Ak Radyo (94.9 FM). A follow-up to Chandler & Fox 1974, In the Ottoman period the inner core of the city, inside the city walls, came to be known as "stanbul" in Turkish and "Stamboul" in the West. [158] Topkap Palace became public property following the abolition of monarchy in 1922. [134][135], The Atatrk Airport corridor is another such edge city-style business, residential and shopping corridor with over 900,000m2 (9,700,000sqft) of class-A office space. [191], Arabs form the city's other largest ethnic minority, with an estimated population of more than 2 million. The Grand Bazaar, in operation since 1461, is among the world's oldest and largest covered markets. More arrivals per year shows how important the city is viewed internationally, and may indicate better infrastructure, such as airports, public transport, By 500 CE, Constantinople had somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 people, edging out its predecessor, Rome, for the world's largest city. WebHow does Istanbul compare to Paris? [316][317][318] The density of expressway network is 16.8km/100km2. WebCompare the size of countries, regions and cities Moscow (Russia) size comparison S ave 2,511 km2 / 969 mile2 No description found. [72] The population of Constantinople was 570,000 by the end of the 18th century. The O-2 continues west to Edirne and the O-4 continues east to Ankara. [149] When re-erected at the Hippodrome of Constantinople, the obelisk was mounted on a decorative base, with reliefs that depict Theodosius I and his courtiers. [228] Since then operations were shifted to Ambarl, with plans to convert Haydarpaa into a tourism complex. They come in Brilliant and Natural Finish, in Sizes 14" Hihat, 20" Ride, 16" & 18" Crash. [253] Zorlu Center and stinye Park are among the other upscale malls in Istanbul which include the stores of the world's top fashion brands. [25], Byzantium 667 BC510 BC [15] In 2019, Ambarl, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 3,104,882 TEUs, making it the third-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. The whole city was generally known as Constantinople or under other names. [276] Despite the construction boom, five bids for the Summer Olympicsin 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2020and national bids for UEFA Euro 2012 and UEFA Euro 2016 have ended unsuccessfully. Following the influx of immigrants from southeastern and eastern Turkey, which began in the 1960s, the city's foodscape has drastically changed by the end of the century; with influences of Middle Eastern cuisine such as kebab taking an important place in the food scene. Leonardo da Vinci International Airport Please check the MYS SIZE TABLE in the description carefully to avoid waste of time and money on returns. [151], Built in porphyry and erected at the center of the Forum of Constantine in 330 CE to mark the founding of the new Roman capital, the Column of Constantine was originally adorned with a sculpture of the Roman emperor Constantine the Great depicted as the solar god Apollo on its top, which fell in 1106 and was later replaced by a cross during the reign of Byzantine emperor Manuel Komnenos (r. Istanbul became one of the world's most important Jewish centers in the 16th and 17th century. Throughout most of its history, Istanbul has ranked among the largest cities in the world. The Genoese fortifications in Galata were largely demolished in the 19th century, leaving only the Galata Tower, to make way for the northward expansion of the city. [26] It is the oldest known human settlement on the European side of the city. [311][needs update] Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals. In: goston, Gbor and Bruce Alan Masters. Bosporus hosts pelagic, demersal and semipelagic fish species and more than 130 different taxa have been documented in the strait. The obelisk that would become the Obelisk of Theodosius remained in Alexandria until 390 CE, when Theodosius I (r. 379395 CE) had it transported to Constantinople and put up on the spina of the Hippodrome there. [203] Following Greek migration to the city for work in the 2010s, the Greek population rose to nearly 3,000 in 2019, still greatly diminished since 1919, when it stood at 350,000. Fish diversity in the waters of Istanbul has dwindled in the recent decades. [84] Turkish forces of the Ankara government, commanded by kr Naili Pasha (3rd Corps), entered the city with a ceremony on 6 October 1923, which has been marked as the Liberation Day of Istanbul (Turkish: stanbul'un Kurtuluu) and is commemorated every year on its anniversary. [334] The Marmaray tunnel together with the suburban railways lines along the Sea of Marmara, is part of intercontinental commuter rail line in Istanbul, from Halkal on the European side to Gebze on the Asian side. The presence of feral cats in Istanbul (Turkish: sokak kedisi) is noted to be very prevalent, with estimates ranging from a hundred thousand to over a million stray cats. [160] An example of which is the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque. The BBC has a regional office in Istanbul, assisting its Turkish-language news operations, and the American news channel CNN established the Turkish-language CNN Trk there in 1999. [301] In later years, in response to increasing public demand, water from various springs was channeled to public fountains, like the Fountain of Ahmed III, by means of supply lines. [citation needed], Following the Turkish War of Independence (19191922), the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in Ankara abolished the Sultanate on 1 November 1922, and the last Ottoman Sultan, Mehmed VI, was declared persona non grata. As the eastern capital of the empire, the city was named Nova Roma; most called it Constantinople, a name that persisted into the 20th century. There are 13.4 million people living in the city, while London has only 8.1 million people (Versus par. The total length of Istanbul Province's toll motorways network (otoyollar) is 543km (2021) and the state highways network (devlet yollari) is 353km (2021), totaling 896km of expressway roads (minimum 2x2 lanes), excluding secondary roads and urban streets. [133] Inland, north of Taksim Square is the Istanbul Central Business District, a set of corridors lined with office buildings, residential towers, shopping centers, and university campuses, and over 2,000,000m2 (22,000,000sqft) of class-A office space in total. Lining both the European and Asian shores of the Bosporus are the historic yals, luxurious chalet mansions built by Ottoman aristocrats and elites as summer homes. District councils are chiefly responsible for waste management and construction projects within their respective districts bans were fact!, [ c ] and the world 's 15th-largest city swings and a! Known human settlement on the European side of the most populous European city [. Residence, it was abandoned in 1853 in favor of the Ottoman Empire and maritime influences, has... ] After extensive renovation, it became one of Turkey 's first national museums in.! Stanbullu ( plural: stanbullular ) ; Istanbulite is used in English throughout the.! 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